Characters.get('e', 0) tells python to search for The main element 'e' in the dictionary. If it's not located it returns 0. Because That is The 1st time 'e' is passed in the loop, the character 'e' is just not present in the dictionary nevertheless, And so the get approach returns https://buydmtusa02456.blogocial.com/the-2-minute-rule-for-order-copyright-vape-pen-usa-72097845